5/30/2023 0 Comments Veginal fluid imageIn fact, they can protect the individual from other infectious and invasive bacteria by producing substances such as lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide that inhibit the growth of other bacteria. These bacteria that live in the vagina do not typically cause disease. The solid components or elements are exfoliated epithelial cells from the vaginal wall and cervix as well as some of the bacteria that inhabit the vagina. The rest is made up of transudate from the vaginal walls and secretions from glands ( Skene's and Bartholin's). The majority of the liquid in vaginal discharge is mucus produced by glands of the cervix. Normal vaginal discharge is composed of cervical mucus, vaginal fluid, shedding vaginal and cervical cells, and bacteria. The characteristics of abnormal vaginal discharge vary depending on the cause, but common features include a change in color, a foul odor, and associated symptoms such as itching, burning, pelvic pain, or pain during sexual intercourse. Infections that may cause changes in vaginal discharge include vaginal yeast infections, bacterial vaginosis, and sexually transmitted infections. While most discharge is considered physiologic or represents normal functioning of the body, some changes in discharge can reflect infection or other pathological processes. Normal vaginal discharge may be large in volume but typically does not have a strong odor, nor is it typically associated with itching or pain. Normal vaginal discharge may have a thin, watery consistency or a thick, sticky consistency, and it may be clear or white in color. The composition, amount, and quality of discharge varies between individuals and can vary throughout the menstrual cycle and throughout the stages of sexual and reproductive development. This mixture is constantly produced by the cells of the vagina and cervix, and it exits the body through the vaginal opening. Vaginal discharge is a mixture of liquid, cells, and bacteria that lubricate and protect the vagina. For the periodic bloody discharge originating from the uterus, see Menstruation.
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